Bolsonaro tem semana decisiva no TSE com julgamento que pode torná-lo inelegível

O ex-presidente Jair Bolsonaro (PL) enfrenta nesta semana o julgamento no Tribunal Superior Eleitoral (TSE) que pode deixá-lo inelegível por oito anos. O caso começará a ser analisado na quinta-feira (22), às 9h.

Foram reservadas três sessões para o julgamento do caso. Nos dois primeiros dias (22 e 27 de junho), o processo contra Bolsonaro é o único item da pauta.

O ex-presidente é alvo de processo em que o PDT o acusa de abuso de poder político e uso indevido dos meios de comunicações por conta de uma reunião com embaixadores no Palácio da Alvorada, em julho de 2022, em que ele fez ataques ao sistema eleitoral.

A ação foi pautada depois de uma série de mudanças na composição da Corte Eleitoral após o encerramento de mandatos de integrantes.

A nova configuração foi lida, em parte, como uma vitória do presidente do tribunal, ministro Alexandre de Moraes, que articulou pela nomeação de dois advogados próximos a ele.

O relator do caso é o ministro Benedito Gonçalves, corregedor-geral eleitoral. Quando o julgamento começar, ele será o primeiro a votar.

Depois, votam na sequência os ministros: Raul Araújo, Floriano de Azevedo Marques, André Ramos Tavares, Cármen Lúcia, Nunes Marques e Alexandre de Moraes.

Responsável por escolher os dias de julgamento da ação, Moraes disse na terça-feira (13) que o processo contra o ex-presidente “entrou na vala comum” do TSE e que não houve uma espera por um “momento propício”. Segundo o magistrado, a Corte vai julgar o caso “de acordo com a Constituição e a lei”.

Para o dia do julgamento, a Polícia Militar do Distrito Federal está estudando como será o esquema de segurança no TSE.

A definição deve sair no começo da semana. A CNN apurou que haverá um reforço, ainda que mínimo, no local.

Em nota à CNN, a Secretaria de Segurança Pública do DF disse que “o planejamento está em fase de elaboração” e que, assim que for concluído, “será amplamente divulgado”.

Em dias de grandes eventos ou julgamentos importantes, o TSE também costuma reforçar sua segurança interna.

A ação

Além de Bolsonaro, também é alvo da ação o seu candidato a vice nas eleições do ano passado, Walter Braga Netto. O PDT acionou o TSE em agosto de 2022 questionando a reunião feita por Bolsonaro com embaixadores no Palácio da Alvorada, em julho de 2022.

Nessa reunião, transmitida ao vivo pela TV Brasil, Bolsonaro teceu críticas aos ministros do Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF), em especial a Roberto Barroso e Edson Fachin, e classificou como “lamentáveis” falas dos magistrados.

Ele ainda colocou sob dúvidas os resultados das eleições presidenciais de 2018, na qual foi eleito com 55,13% dos votos válidos.

O então presidente ainda retrucou as acusações de que ele estaria “atentando contra a democracia” ao atacar o sistema das urnas eletrônicas e rebateu que, na verdade, seria o próprio TSE quem estaria atentando ao “não liberar o inquérito da suposta fraude de 2018”.

O abuso de poder político pelo qual Bolsonaro é acusado é uma conduta ilegal praticada na campanha eleitoral e ocorre nas situações em que o acusado se vale de sua posição para agir de modo a influenciar o eleitor.

A punição para este tipo de ilícito é a inelegibilidade por oito anos, período no qual o político não pode disputar eleições.

O uso indevido dos meios de comunicação, segundo a sigla, se deu pela divulgação do discurso pela TV Brasil, uma empresa controlada pelo governo, e por redes sociais.

O processo em que se discute o caso é uma AIJE (Ação de Investigação Judicial Eleitoral). É um tipo de procedimento mais complexo, que envolve levantamento de provas e depoimento de testemunhas.

Em seu parecer final, o Ministério Público Eleitoral se manifestou a favor da inelegibilidade de Bolsonaro.

No documento, o vice-procurador-geral Eleitoral Paulo Gustavo Gonet Branco disse que o discurso do ex-presidente na reunião com embaixadores representou um ataque às instituições eleitorais com objetivo de abalar a confiança do eleitorado.

Gonet também afirmou que Bolsonaro, na ocasião, mobilizou parcelas da população contra o sistema eleitoral.

As falas do ex-chefe do Executivo, segundo o MP Eleitoral, configuraram uso indevido dos meios de comunicação, abuso de autoridade, abuso de poder político e desvio de finalidade.

“O abuso de autoridade se revela, também aqui, pela circunstância de o discurso ter sido proferido pelo presidente da República, na qualidade de Chefe de Estado”, escreveu.

O vice-procurador-geral Eleitoral pediu a condenação apenas de Bolsonaro e se manifestou pela absolvição de Braga Netto, por entender que o general não participou dos fatos investigados.

Defesa

Os advogados do ex-presidente apresentaram no final de abril a sua defesa final neste caso.

Ao longo da ação, a defesa de Bolsonaro negou qualquer tipo de irregularidade e alegou, entre outras coisas, que se tratou de um ato do governo e não eleitoral e que não se pode admitir tentativa de partidos utilizarem o Judiciário para cercear a discussão democrática.

A defesa de Bolsonaro também vem alegando que a postura do ex-presidente não significa que ele seja contra as regras do jogo eleitoral e nem que ele atue contra a democracia e que é legítimo que ele exponha suas dúvidas sobre o sistema.

No início do ano, a ação contra o ex-presidente foi turbinada a pedido do PDT. O TSE rejeitou um recurso da defesa de Bolsonaro e manteve a determinação do corregedor-geral que decidiu pela inclusão da “minuta golpista” na investigação.

O documento foi encontrado pela Polícia Federal no armário de Anderson Torres, ex-ministro da Justiça e Segurança Pública de Bolsonaro e ex-secretário de Segurança Pública do Distrito Federal, e complica a situação de Bolsonaro neste caso.

A minuta previa um decreto de estado de defesa no TSE, o que permitiria ao então presidente Bolsonaro interferir nas atividades e atuação do tribunal — o que é inconstitucional.

A defesa argumenta desde então que o documento é apócrifo, não tem relação direta com o ex-presidente e que só serviria para ampliar indevidamente o objeto da ação.

Segundo o relator da ação, ficou constatada “inequívoca correlação” entre a existência da minuta e o escopo da ação para justificar sua inclusão no processo.

A minuta foi apreendida no contexto das investigações sobre os atos de 8 de janeiro, que culminaram com a invasão e depredação das sedes dos Três Poderes, em Brasília.

Fonte: CNN Brasil

 

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