Novas superbactérias estão surgindo nos hospitais do Brasil, aponta estudo
Uma pesquisa realizada pela Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp) apontou que novas superbactérias podem estar surgindo nos hospitais brasileiros. Os investigadores analisaram amostras dos últimos sete anos coletadas em laboratórios do país e identificaram uma mudança no tipo de bactérias multirresistentes observado.
A comparação foi feita com base em três bancos de dados de laboratórios públicos do Brasil, incluindo o Gerenciador de Ambiente Laboratorial, de abrangência nacional. A pesquisa foi publicada na revista científica Clinical Infectious Diseases em 1° de julho.
A pesquisa buscou traçar um perfil das bactérias que eram mais encontradas nos exames feitos no Brasil, analisando um total de cerca de 80 mil testes. Os investigadores identificaram as bactérias a partir das enzimas que elas produzem.
Eles descobriram que uma enzima em especial, a NDM, está cada vez mais frequente, o que mostra a maior presença das novas superbactérias. Ela é um mecanismo que torna as bactérias resistentes a vários tipos de antibióticos.
A metalobetalactamase New Delhi (NDM-1) foi identificada na Índia pela primeira vez em 2009, e encontrada no Brasil em 2013. A substância é produzida por novas espécies da família das enterobactérias, e era observada em apenas 4,2% das amostras enviadas aos laboratórios em 2015, mas chegou a 23,8% em 2022 — um crescimento médio de 41% ao ano.
Já entre os registros da enzima produzida por bactérias da família Pseudomonas aeruginosa, composta por patógenos oportunistas que causam infecção quando a imunidade está baixa, o aumento médio anual foi de 71,6%.
Fonte: Metrópoles
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